Africa

This chapter aligns with SDG Goals 7, 11, and 13 by exploring the significance of international partnerships and collaborations in promoting innovation and expanding renewable energy initiatives in Africa. It offers pragmatic suggestions for incorporating renewable energy alternatives into Africa's development agenda.

Crowdfunding has emerged as a viable tool in the alternative finance industry to complement financing for projects where government and bank investments have been unable to cover including in renewable energy.

Effective credit distribution is critical to achieving agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa.

By depleting soil nutrients, soil degradation (SD) threatens agricultural production and population growth in the Guinea savanna of Ghana. Awoonor et al., 2024 used multivariate statistical techniques on samples collected by using the Land Degradation Surveillance Framework (LDSF) to identify key SD processes, assess soil properties, and propose monitoring strategies. The authors highlight the need for integrated soil fertility management strategies, such as applying organic and inorganic fertilizers, to increase soil nutrient availability and promote sustainable agricultural practices.